Schneider Prime Sets

Food, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Apr 23 2012

Fibonacci, Euler, Bell, and Lucas. Why do they get to have numbers or number sequences named after them? Well, because they came up with some crazy way of defining those number or number sequences. Now, I certainly don’t consider myself as great a mathematician as any of these fine gentlemen, but I do want some kind of number named after me. So, here is how I will do it.

I like food. Sometimes I like to use a microwave to cook or reheat my food. Now, most fine chefs will balk at that, but I, as an engineer, don’t. I can create a thermal profile using a microwave that will cook or reheat food just fine. The trick is to know a little bit about heat transfer and how thermal profiles work. You can’t just stick the food in the box, set the microwave to high and run it for minute. You need to use the power settings and be thoughtful about how much time you run at each power setting. A good thermal profile could heat the food on high for several seconds to get it hot, but then drop down to a 60% or 70% power for a prolonged time to “soak” the food, then drop down to a lower power to keep it warm until you are ready to take it out and eat it.

Now then, I have this little quirk. I like to use prime numbers for the number of seconds I have the microwave at each power setting. For example, a typical profile for melting cheese onto chips is something like this: 7 seconds on 100%, 17 seconds on 60%, 23 seconds on 20%. The problem is that once you add up the three primes, you may end up with a total time that is not a prime. Unacceptable. (Or OCD, you choose.)

So, I have decided to define a new type of number set which I conveniently call Schneider Prime Sets. A Schneider Prime Set is a set of three prime numbers whose sum is also a prime number. Now I can use those Schneider Prime Sets to appropriately cook in my microwave. Even better are Unique Schneider Prime Sets, a set where each number in the set is unique.

Note that a set is not order dependent. You can mix the numbers up in any order and it is still a Schneider Prime Set. In other words, (5,13,19) is equivalent to (13,5,19). Out of convenience my lists order the numbers ascending within the set.

A few Schneider Prime Sets which are good for microwaving:

Schneider
Prime Set
Sum
(5,13,19) 37
(7,11,23) 41
(13,17,29) 59
(13,23,23) 59
(17,19,23) 59
(13,23,31) 67
(17,19,31) 67
(23,29,37) 89
(29,29,31) 89
(19,29,53) 101
(19,41,41) 101
(29,31,43) 103
(41,43,43) 127
(23,31,103) 157
(43,47,167) 257
(47,61,149) 257
(11,79,173) 263
(31,41,191) 263
(41,61,167) 269
(47,103,157) 307

For a list of just over a thousand Schneider Prime Sets, click here (text file, 1.12 MB).

Curry is always better as a leftover

Food, Photography | Posted by lunarmotion
Apr 11 2012

Leftover pita bread and curry sauce from Easter. Throw down some two year Dubliner cheese, fried eggs, bacon, tator-tots, and sliced tomato and you have yourself one fine meal.

A redraw would be nice

Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Apr 11 2012

Attendance trends
If I could get the data used as the basis for this chart, I would love to do a redraw.

When math becomes convincing

Lunar Motion Charts, Politics & Government, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Apr 08 2012

There is some talk from the Santorum campaign about Pennsylvania possibly being Santorum’s last stand. And Gingrich is signaling that he is ready to pack it up. This graphic explains why.
The gap widens.

Rainy day lunch

Food, Photography | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 27 2012

Not a normal cheese sandwich
Perfect for a rainy day: A double-decker cheese sandwich. The first deck is generic pepper jack, the second deck is Tillamook vintage white two year sharp cheddar. One side is grilled in olive oil, the other in real butter. Served with steamed brussel sprouts and homemade salsa.

Iceland is the only outlier

Lunar Motion Charts, Politics & Government, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 25 2012

Everyone else is right in line.

Higher is relative.

I would have liked to use PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) for the military expeditures, but could not find it nor a conversion factor for it. The effect would be that poorer countries would show to spend more on military than is shown in the present graph.

Santorum’s Dream — Santorum’s Bane

Lunar Motion Charts, Politics & Government, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 21 2012

On Monday, Rick Santorum’s campaign published its “new delegate math.” Their delegate counts show the gap between Rick Santorum and Mitt Romney much smaller than what the Associated Press publishes. An article at ABC News summarizes how the campaign figures its numbers. Their numbers would change my previous chart to something like this:

Dreamland.

Recall that candidates above the dashed line are ahead of the delegate count to get the nomination; candidates below the line are behind. Santorum uses his numbers to contend that the GOP is heading for a brokered convention.

The Santorum campaign assumes that the Republican National Committee will force Florida and Arizona to allocate their delegates proportional to the statewide vote. There are two major flaws with this assumption. First, the RNC already penalized Florida and Arizona for their early winner-take-all elections by taking away half of their delegates. If the RNC were to force the states to allocate their delegates proportionally, the RNC would have to give back the penalized portion. Second, most states that allocate their delegates proportionally do it by congressional district, awarding all delegates per district to the winner within the district. It is a winner-take-all by district allocation.

So, let’s assume that the RNC does force Florida and Arizona to allocate their delegates proportionally, and that by doing so they give them back their penalized delegates. Further assume that the states then allocate those delegates proportionally the same way the other states do, giving them out winner-take-all by congressional district. (Two big assumptions, but more reasonable than Santorum’s). How do the results change? Not the way Santorum assumes, and certainly not in a way he would like. Romney would still win all of Arizona’s 58 delegates since he won in every congressional district. Romney would get 84 of Florida’s delegates and Gingrinch would get 16. The net effect is that Romney would increase his lead over Santorum and Gingrinch would close the gap between himself and Santorum. And my chart would look like this:

Math is his bane.

Santorum’s dream could become his bane.

Delegate Countdown

Lunar Motion Charts, Politics & Government, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 21 2012

It's the math, stupid!

Candidates above the dashed line are ahead of the delegate count to get the nomination; candidates below the line are behind.

Picking up 69% of the remaining delegates is a tall order, especially when you’ve only gathered 26% of those currently allocated. This explains why Santorum wants to come up with his own recounts, especially his creative option of forcing Florida and Arizona to proportionally allocate their delegates. He claims they need to do it to follow Republican National Committee rules. The fact is that they were already penalized half of their delegates for holding their winner-take-all elections early. If the RNC reallocates them proportionally, then they should give back the half that they took away. They would also have to permit the States to come up with their own proportional allocation, which does not always go directly by statewide voting totals. Many states use county level or congressional district level allocation, which is considered proportional. Many proportional states also do hybrids. Bottom line, Santorum really can’t win this unless he pulls off a backroom deal with the establishment — though clearly a different establishment than the one he claims is throwing this to Romney.

Naomh Pádraig

Lunar Motion Charts | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 16 2012

It's Paddy, folks.
Naomh Pádraig is Irish for Saint Patrick. Of the three nicknames for St. Patrick’s Day listed in the chart, only one is correct. Can’t guess which one? Look here.

Make a budget

Lunar Motion Charts, Politics & Government, Stats & Math | Posted by lunarmotion
Mar 07 2012

Military spending per person worldwide

The data sources are a little old, but you get the picture. If you take away the logarithmic scaling then the USA stands out like a sore thumb, but you can’t see the nuances amongst the rest of the pack. The data is not corrected for relative earnings which could bring the USA more in line with the others given higher wages paid to soldiers and other personnel than most other countries.

This provides a slightly different outlook than this previous post on livestock.

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